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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*omac?-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to dive 2 scoopface="Times New Roman Star"1 погружаться 2 черпак









face="Times New Roman Star"omac? 2face="Times New Roman Star"omas? 2


face="Times New Roman Star"umus- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"oma:s? 2










face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 361, 514.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ap / *Epface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"emphatic strengthening particleface="Times New Roman Star"эмфатическая усилительная частица
face="Times New Roman Star"ap / ep (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ap (XIV c.), apac?yk 'quite, completely'




face="Times New Roman Star"apz?|yG 'however'









face="Times New Roman Star"apej 'an emphatic interjection'








face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 3.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bo"gse(k) < *bo"s-ge(k)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"a part of human or animal trunkface="Times New Roman Star"часть туловищаface="Times New Roman Star"bo"gsig 'some part of body (belly?)' (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"bo"kseg 'woman's breast; upper part of chest' (MK)
face="Times New Roman Star"bu"kse| 'belly; bird crop'face="Times New Roman Star"bo"kse 'the part of a human or animal body above the waist' (Abush., Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"bu.ksa 'side part of the body below the breast and down to the hip; (dial.) lower part of body'







face="Times New Roman Star"p@w|z/exe 'crop'face="Times New Roman Star"bo"sko"-j- 'to appear abdominous'
face="Times New Roman Star"bo"skek 'bird's breast'face="Times New Roman Star"bo"ksek 'bird's breast'face="Times New Roman Star"bo"kso" 'side of body; foot-hill'

face="Times New Roman Star"bu"kt|a" 'short person (abusive)'face="Times New Roman Star"bo"ksu"n 'half of animal carcass'




face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 329, VEWT 84, 83, ЭСТЯ 2, 213-214, Лексика 278. Forms without -k meaning 'buttock' or 'lower part of body' are most probably borrowed < Mong. *bo"gse, having quite different origin (see under *pi_oko) - although some contaminations were not excluded.
face="Times New Roman Star"*solakface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 spleen 2 gillsface="Times New Roman Star"1 селезенка 2 жабры
face="Times New Roman Star"solaq (MK)







face="Times New Roman Star"palyx sulazy 'молоки' (Борг., Kach.)


face="Times New Roman Star"sola 1,2













face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 427, EDT 826, ЭСТЯ 7, Федотов 2, 57.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jelo"face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"tether, rope for calvesface="Times New Roman Star"веревка для привязывания жеребят, телят
face="Times New Roman Star"jelu" (MK) ( ? jalu)face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ele (DS)face="Times New Roman Star"jele (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ele (Pav. C.) 'string, bow-string'face="Times New Roman Star"z?|el@face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ili (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|a"la"


face="Times New Roman Star"jele, d/ele

face="Times New Roman Star"sele
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ele
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|eleface="Times New Roman Star"z?eli
face="Times New Roman Star"jele (dial.)


face="Times New Roman Star"z?elle

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 919, ЭСТЯ 4, 21-22. Turk. > WMong. z?|ele (rather than vice versa, despite VEWT 125).
face="Times New Roman Star"*orgaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"female or young maralface="Times New Roman Star"самка или детеныш марала


face="Times New Roman Star"org|acaq (Sib.)





face="Times New Roman Star"org|a, org|ac?a (Kyz.)face="Times New Roman Star"org|a
















face="Times New Roman Star"Борг. 629.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Argun ? *a:r/
face="Times New Roman Star"1 ermine 2 a k. of weaselface="Times New Roman Star"1 горностай 2 вид ласкиface="Times New Roman Star"as (OUygh.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"as, az (MK) 1, arg|un (MK) 2face="Times New Roman Star"a(r)s, Osm. asface="Times New Roman Star"as 1
face="Times New Roman Star"as (Sangl.) 2



face="Times New Roman Star"as 1face="Times New Roman Star"as 1face="Times New Roman Star"a(g|a)s, a:s 1
face="Times New Roman Star"jos 1

face="Times New Roman Star"as 1
face="Times New Roman Star"arys 1

face="Times New Roman Star"at| 1

face="Times New Roman Star"as 1

face="Times New Roman Star"as 1face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 216, ЭСТЯ 191, **AD Федотов 2 493.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bAn/y-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to fade away, disappear, weakenface="Times New Roman Star"исчезать, слабеть
face="Times New Roman Star"majys?- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"bajy-l-




face="Times New Roman Star"bajyl-
face="Times New Roman Star"majyl-





face="Times New Roman Star"bajla-
face="Times New Roman Star"bajy-



face="Times New Roman Star"bajyl-face="Times New Roman Star"bajyl-


face="Times New Roman Star"ОСНЯ 2, 50, EDT 773, ЭСТЯ 7.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sibu"tface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"dill, corianderface="Times New Roman Star"укроп, кориандр
face="Times New Roman Star"sibu"t (MK)


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 785. (If not < Pers.)
face="Times New Roman Star"*si:pekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 infant's urinal in a cradle 2 pivot (of a hand-mill etc.) 3 corn-cobface="Times New Roman Star"1 мочеотводная трубочка в люльке 2 стержень, шкворень (ручной мельницы и т.п.) 3 початок кукурузы
face="Times New Roman Star"sibek 1, 2 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"su"bek 1, 2, 3

face="Times New Roman Star"su"ba"k 3 (dial.)






















face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 788, ЭСТЯ 7. Modern languages reveal some very irregular reflexes like Kaz., KKalp. sobyq 3, Tur. su"mek, so"mek 1, 2, 3 (with -m- also in Kum. su"mek, Nogh. simek, Uzb. sumak 1, 2 etc.; some languages have variants with c?- or s?- like Kirgh. c?o"mo"k 3, s?imek 1, 2). These all can be either irregular expressive variants with secondary diffusion or reflect contaminations with some other (not quite clear) roots.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sEpface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"duct, river branch, bayface="Times New Roman Star"приток, залив, боковой рукав реки









face="Times New Roman Star"sip
face="Times New Roman Star"sep



face="Times New Roman Star"sep










face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 410, ЭСТЯ 7.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ebrenface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"snakeface="Times New Roman Star"змея

face="Times New Roman Star"(Osm.) evren 'dragon', cf. mod. 'heaven vault' ( < `snake-rainbow' ?)
face="Times New Roman Star"MKypch. ewren 'adder' (Houts.)








face="Times New Roman Star"v@w|re s/@len 'dragon' (lit. 'hot snake'), vereni (Bulg.)








face="Times New Roman Star"ievrem 'fiery snake'



face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 14.
face="Times New Roman Star"*KE:c?irface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 trachea 2 cartilageface="Times New Roman Star"1 трахея 2 хрящ


face="Times New Roman Star"ka"c?erka" 'a small hair on the back of a baby' (?)





face="Times New Roman Star"kiz?|@r 2face="Times New Roman Star"kec?irtke 2face="Times New Roman Star"ked'ir 1




face="Times New Roman Star"kez?|ir 2, kez?|ir bo:s 1face="Times New Roman Star"kec?ir 'cartilage of the shoulderblade bone'








face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 246. Length is indicated by voicing in Tof. and lack of pharyngealization.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?Emirc?ikface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"cartilage, gristleface="Times New Roman Star"хрящ


face="Times New Roman Star"c?@m@j 'knucklebone'







face="Times New Roman Star"c?amaj 'cheekbone'





face="Times New Roman Star"c?emirc?ek 'хрящ на лопатке и мечевидном отростке'face="Times New Roman Star"s?emirs?ekface="Times New Roman Star"s?emirs?ek



face="Times New Roman Star"s?emirs?ek

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 251. Widely spread forms like Chag. ka"mirc?a"k are probably due to contamination with *kEmu"k 'bone' (v. sub *k`i_ome).
face="Times New Roman Star"*TAlk-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"tension of cordsface="Times New Roman Star"натяжение веревок
face="Times New Roman Star"talqyg|; talg|uc? 'poles for fastening burden on animal's back', talg|uq 'wedge for fastening the axe blade' (MK)


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 496.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sEb-re-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to diminishface="Times New Roman Star"уменьшаться, убывать
face="Times New Roman Star"sevre- (MK)


























face="Times New Roman Star"ДТС 498.
face="Times New Roman Star"*gEru"face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"backface="Times New Roman Star"назад, сзадиface="Times New Roman Star"keru" (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"keru" (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"geriface="Times New Roman Star"kireface="Times New Roman Star"keru" (MA)


face="Times New Roman Star"geri









face="Times New Roman Star"keriface="Times New Roman Star"keriface="Times New Roman Star"keri
face="Times New Roman Star"kireface="Times New Roman Star"ge:ri
face="Times New Roman Star"keri
face="Times New Roman Star"geriface="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 3, 27. Turk. > MMong. geru (SH) 'back side'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"healthy, big, thickface="Times New Roman Star"здоровый, большой, толстый

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k


face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k



face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k














face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 5, 93. Turkic > Khalkha xo"x 'massive (of muscles, flesh etc.)'
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kurc?face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"sharp, hard (of steel)face="Times New Roman Star"острый, твердый (о стали)
face="Times New Roman Star"qurc? (MK)
face="Times New Roman Star"qoryc?face="Times New Roman Star"qurc? (Houts.)face="Times New Roman Star"qurc?face="Times New Roman Star"qujuc?




face="Times New Roman Star"qurc?
face="Times New Roman Star"xorz/ъ 'steel'



face="Times New Roman Star"qurc?face="Times New Roman Star"qurys?face="Times New Roman Star"qurys?face="Times New Roman Star"qorosface="Times New Roman Star"qurc?
face="Times New Roman Star"qurc?

face="Times New Roman Star"qurc?face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 303, EDT 647, ЭСТЯ 6, 170-171, Федотов 2, 367.
face="Times New Roman Star"*do"l/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"mountain slopeface="Times New Roman Star"склон горы

face="Times New Roman Star"do"s? (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"tu.s?face="Times New Roman Star"to"s?
face="Times New Roman Star"do"s?
face="Times New Roman Star"to"s





face="Times New Roman Star"do"'s?
face="Times New Roman Star"to"s?
face="Times New Roman Star"to"s






face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 3, 287. The root should be kept distinct from *do":l/ 'breast' q. v. sub *t`o:l/i (see Щербак 1970, 197).
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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